02086nas a2200145   4500008004100000022001400041245010500055210006900160300001200229490000600241520146000247653009701707100002601804856011001830       2016                        eng d  a2300-168200aReturn Migration and Social Change  in Poland: ‘Closures’ to Migrants’  Non-Economic Transfers0 aReturn Migration and Social Change in Poland Closures to Migrant  a167-1880 v53 a<p>The aim of this article is to provide an empirical test of the model of non-economic transfers by migrants such as values, attitudes, behaviours, lifestyles, transnational social networks, know-how, skills and knowledge. The first part of the article discusses the current state of Polish society, identifies the direction of social change in Poland since 1989 and analyses the mutual dependency between social change and migration. The second section offers the analytical model and describes how existing empirical data from official statistics and research reports as well as the author&rsquo;s own research projects have been analysed. The crucial element of the model is the notion of &lsquo;closure&rsquo;, defined as any factor that makes the migrants&rsquo; non-economic transfers difficult or impossible. Within each of the three categories of closure &ndash; socio-economic, cultural and psycho-social &ndash; more specific barriers to non-economic transfers are tested, e.g., lack of cohesive policy towards return migrants, social narratives on migration or &lsquo;homecomer syndrome&rsquo;. The analysis leads to the conclusion that, however difficult the measurement of the impact of return migration on social change at this stage, return migrants&rsquo; transfers are accelerating the process of social change in Poland towards the model of well-developed, post-modern Western societies, whereas closures impede this process. &nbsp;</p>10aactor of change; post-accession migration; return migrant; social change; social remittances1 aDzięglewski, Mariusz  uhttp://ceemr.uw.edu.pl/sites/default/files/Dzieglewski_Return_Migration_and_Social_Change_in_Poland_0.pdf